Egypt’s Protest Law, Law No. 107 of 2013, was ratified by President Adly Mansour on November 24, 2013, after initially being approved by the cabinet on October 10, 2013, during a period in which there was no sitting parliament. The law was retroactively approved by the House of Representatives in a hasty process that involved the review of 341 decrees in 15 days once the legislature reconvened in January 2016; per the Egyptian Constitution, legislation passed in the absence of a sitting parliament must be discussed and approved within the first 15 days following the legislature’s seating. In 2017, the Protest Law was amended; the amendment, initiated by the cabinet, was approved by the House on April 10, 2017. It went into effect after it was ratified by President Abdel-Fattah El Sisi and published in the Official Gazette edition dated April 30, 2017.
